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Weapons, Private Military and Security Companies, and International Law: A Critical Analysis of the Fifth Draft of the United Nations Instrument on PMSCs

The paper critically analyses the Fifth Draft of the proposed UN instrument regulating PMSCs and identifies key legal and regulatory gaps that could allow PMSCs to undermine international weapons control frameworks if left unaddressed.

Nikoloz Mosidze

December 2025

Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights